Who are the biggest winners and losers in a globalised world

Who are the biggest winners and losers in a globalised world The world is increasing influenced by Multination Corporation and global brand. Nowadays, the idea that globalisation produces winners and losers are widely accepted. The winners and losers from globalisation can separated into two general categories. One is developing countries and the other one is developed countries. In this essay I will prove there are significant more winners than losers in globalization. The developed countries or developing countries all are being benefited by globalisation. Definition of globalization According to one of most popular definitions which International Monetary Fund(IMF) are given, globalisation is the process through which an increasingly free flow of ideas, people, goods, services and capital leads to the integration of economies and societies. Globalisation is not a recent phenomenon. In 1962, the term globalization was first time come forth to the journal called The Economics. However, at that time globalization more likely as a term to use by economists rather than popular words can be found everywhere. Globalisation can be defined as following aspects: free trade, foreign investment, organizational change in corporate sector and technological change. Trade make an important role in globalisation. According to Charles and McGraw (2008), the Great Depression of the 1930s was caused by highly barriers in international trade. Government who govern their countries constrained the exports goods and labour services to other countries and high imports taxation rate to protect their domestic manufactures. Due to this experience, after World War II, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) are founded and made big impact in global trade market. World Trade Organisation (WTO) was established by GATT which make global trade system lower barriers through the principle and rules they negotiated. Free trade could reduce overall costs of production due to the imports; which company can purchase cheaper resource and workforce. Ultimately, free trade can cut our living costs and improve our living standards. Furthermore, free trade gives customers more choice on which products they are willing to buy. Because of free trade, we can get wider c hoice on domestic productions or international productions. Opening the domestic economies to foreign direct investment (FDI) is an important part of globalisation. The evidence (Charles and McGraw, 2008) suggests that FDI is making a significant role in the global economy. The outflow of FDI increased faster which from $25 billion in 1975 to $1.2 trillion in 2000. The multinational company made a significant influence in FDI. There has been a big change in the nature of the company due to the globalisation of the production and distribution. Corporations are now becoming part of global supply chains which spread their productions. As an international company they must adapt the international business environment quicker than domestic firms. Hence, they change their corporate strategy frequently. According to Charles and McGraw (2008) the role of technological change has made globalisation become more reality. Since the end of World War II, the world technological dramatically improved through Internet, telecommunication and transportation. Those improvements provide better condition for globalisation world widely. Winners in the developed countries Many people believe globalisation make developed countries become to loser due to off-shoring. Large employment opportunities are moving to developing countries because of cheaper labour costs. Off-shoring made lots of job lost in developed countries. However, all coins have two sides, job losses in the developed countries do not means all negative sides in globalisation. According to Charles and McGraw (2008), when the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) established in 1994, clothing prices in the United States have decreased. For instance, blank T-shirts wholesaled for $24 a dozen in 1994 but now they only sell $14 a dozen. The lower prices on production are benefit for most of American who have more money to spend on other times. Generally speaking in economic aspect, most MNEs are come from developed countries, which through FDI to expand their capital and make huge profits. FDI and free trade provide opportunities to MNEs gather cheaper raw materials and workforce which reducing the overall costs of productions. Most of the MNEs have more advantages because their enough capital and high technology supported. Therefore, MNEs will establish subsidiaries in FDI countries and sell these products with high price directly which can make large profits. Multinationals benefit most from globalisation according to 87% of EU citizens. Nowadays, MNEs seem as the leader in developed countries economics, they occupied large parts of domestic market. MNEs doing their business development well which can reflect the developed countries are winners from globalisation as well. Overall, developed countries are winners in globalisation, they gains outweigh the losses. Winners in the developing countries According Lancaster (2000), the six billion people in the world which have five billion people live in developing world. How much impact of globalisation on this countries and people? There are many argument about winners from globalisation in booming are not necessary shared equally in the global wide. When the distributions are not equally, the developing countries might become losers due to their poor condition on economy and politics aspects. Peaceful and stable are essential for developing countries in long-term development. If trade flows could improve smoothly and countries enjoy that peaceful relationship, it might avoid many political and economic conflicts between countries or regions. WTO is an important organisation in globalisation that makes vital roles to keep world peace. Most of developing countries are following WTOs principles and rules to trade and investment. Due to this peaceful environment, developing countries can concentrate on their trade market and economic development. Moreover, investment and trade are increased dramatically since 1990. There are more and more foreign direct investment in developing countries such as China, Indian, Mexico, and Thailand. Investments in those countries provide large employment opportunities and increase their exports and growth rate therefore improve overall standard of living. The Asian countries financial crises in the 1997 made many experts to fight globalisation become stronger. They believe developing countries are losers in globalisation. However, the experience of China has been used as a good example to prove they are the winner of globalisation. Before reform, China was the world most important opponent of globalisation which is not opening their trade market. Since 1979, reform policy made Chinas economic become most competitive and booming country in world widely. According to Michael Dauderstà ¤dt Jà ¼rgen Stetten (2005) purchasing power parity in China is ranks secondly after America. Share of world trade increased from approximately 1% to almost 6% between 1979 and 2003. Since 2001, China access to the WTO which provide better free trade market environment and also become more competitive in international market. In a word, Chinas experience in opening up reveals in what way a developing country can become winners from globalisation. Beside s, China gives other developing countries more confidence to support free trade market and globalisation. Conclusion In conclusion, both of developing countries and developing countries are winners eventually. Through free trade, foreign direct investment and organisation, world village becomes more and more possible. Whereas lose employment opportunities due to off-shoring or many domestic firms are bankrupted due to MNEs, which can not stop the globalisation steps. As we have demonstrated that there are significant more winners than losers in globalisation. The number of words: 1196

Novel Compared to Movie Adaptation Essay

Film adaptation or movie adaptation has been a widespread practice in cinematic tradition around the world. Majority of such adaptations are made from fictions, primarily novels. Some of the other popular sources include autobiography, plays, scriptures and comic books. When a novel is adapted for movies, there are certain techniques deployed to give it a cinematic appeal. Inventing new characters and altering scenes fall into the category of primary adaptation techniques. Sometimes it is also noticed that an insignificant character in the novel is given a prominent part to play in the film. Novels with exteriority and physically dynamic structures are most commonly adapted for filming. Thus, modern novels with their intricate literary devices (such as stream-of-consciousness, internal monologues, etc. ) are difficult to make fit for movies. While changes are mandatory due to time constraints and nature of the medium, extreme care must be taken so that the original essence of the novel is not compromised. However, one school of thought argues that the director should treat the film separately from the novel as both are completely different works of art. Accurate arrangement of a novel at the time of filming is virtually impossible since both speak different literary languages. Contrary to this perspective, another school of thought steadfastly believes that the film must retain either the thematic or the aesthetic sense of its source. Changes should only be made wherever necessary. This doctrine lays more emphasis on the faithful reproduction of the source content. This article is going to make a comparative analysis between Fannie Hurst’s Imitation of Life and its cinematic adaptation of the same title directed by Douglas Sirk. One of the cardinal aspects of movie adaptation that every director must keep in mind involves the risk of taking the viewers away from the fiction: â€Å"It has been argued that these displays of technique and artifice make it difficult to respond affectively to art since they create distance between the fiction and the viewer. † (Sirk et al. 207) Cinema is quintessentially a self-reflexive form of art having a vast scope of expression. This freedom, if used discreetly and masterfully, may make an ordinary source look splendid. The novel Imitation of Life focuses not just on the crude nature of racism in America in the beginning of the twentieth century, but also, and perhaps on a more serious note, holds in view the limitations of the new women. Peola, one of the main female characters in the novel, represents the tragic predicament of being â€Å"neither black nor white yet both†. (Hurst et al. xxv) Her persistent struggle to live without black identity makes her suffer from the inconsolable loss of her mother. At the same time, Bea also gets entangled between career, romance and motherhood. She has to give up love and care for her daughter Jessie to pursue her career. The two sets of mother-daughter relationships portrayed in the novel, Bea-Jessie and Delilah-Peola, imply a subtle message which Hurst seeks to convey in the novel: a woman can’t â€Å"have it all†. (Hurst et al. xxv) The movie by Douglas Sirk does not deviate from the main plot of the novel to a great extent. Characters and conclusions in both cases are same, but the background is changed in the movie to suit the nature of time it depicted. It might be noted that the novel was written in 1933 whereas the movie was released in 1959. The identities of Lora and Annie as widowed single mothers are kept intact in the sense that Bea and Delilah are also shown as widowed single mothers in Hurst’s novel Imitation of Life. The cinematic counterparts of Jessie and Peola are Suzie and Sarah respectively. Lora’s fiance Steve is an adaptation of the character of Frank Flake in Imitation of Life. The movie Imitation of Life, as observed by Andrew Sarris in Film Culture, is characterized by an apparent notion of impossibility which Sarah wants to achieve – white skin. (Handzo 1997) If one attempts to make a comparative analysis between the movie and the novel, the element that comes to the fore is the introductory part. Sirk Douglas does without the elaborateness of Fannie Hurst in narrating the backdrop of Lora’s previous life when she was married. In the beginning of the novel, Bea is shown as a spinster who marries Benjamin Pullman. The subsequent chains of events that lead to Bea’s struggle for survival with an infant daughter are excluded from the movie. It opens with Lora’s soaring ambition of becoming a Broadway star – a curtain raiser which is followed by three social scenes the filmmaker conjures: â€Å"women and work, race relations, star mythology†. (Sirk et al. 27) In this sense, the movie mirrors the content of the novel in a threefold manner. To quote Sirk, â€Å"The mirror is the imitation of life. What is interesting about a mirror is that it does not show yourself as you are, it shows you your own opposite. † (Sirk et al. 3) As far as cinematic approach is concerned, the abrupt opening may be attributed to time constraints as well. However, the movie diverts from the novel in one critical aspect. While Bea pursues a successful career of businesswoman, Lora takes a different course altogether. Unlike the world of literature, the world of showbiz uniquely demands dynamism of action and hence, the characterization is justified per se. Another argument that can be cited with regards to the altered career path of the main protagonist of the movie is the shifting social climate in the times it was released. It was difficult for the filmmaker to envision his heroine as the owner of pancake restaurants. Moreover, during that phase many Afro-American actors were striving to put behind the stereotyped roles of household attendants. So changes in the storyline are especially reflected in the characterization of Annie. In addition to being a motherly figure of affection and care, she is also the source of wisdom in Lora’s household. (Richard 2008) Both the novel and the film adaptation share a striking resemblance in themes of romance. At the end of the novel, a triangular love develops between Bea, Flake and Jessie. Similarly, the movie also projects similar storyline where Suzie in her teenage is enamored by Steve who is Lora’s fiance. This modernist woman’s picture has been a source of much controversy in both the novel and the movie. It has given rise to a lot of feminist speculations regarding the ordeals faced by single working mothers in male dominant societies. The melodramatic imagination of the filmmaker goes beyond the confines of the novel. The cinematic experience of Imitation of Life presents a spectrum of diverse interpretations which are not fully realized in the novel. It can be stated without an iota of doubt that the freedom of expression in any moving medium is utilized to its fullest potential by the director, all within the permissive limits of the reel world. Works cited Hurst, Fannie, and Daniel Itzkovitz. Imitation of Life. Durham: Duke University Press, 2004. Sirk, Douglas, and Lucy Fischer. Imitation of Life: Douglas Sirk, Director. Piscataway: Rutgers University Press, 1991. Handzo, Stephen. â€Å"Intimations of Lifelessness. † bright lights film journal 18 (1997) Richard, Cicely A. â€Å"Film Analysis: Imitation of Life. † suite101. com. May 26, 2008. 7 March 2009

Project Management Wembley - 1073 Words

A. Project Background i. Project Description The aim of the Wembley Stadium project was to build a new 90,000 seat state of art stadium. The new stadium was going to be used for a variety of functions ranging from football and rugby matches to concerts and private events. The stadium was to have a 50-year design life, and be both functional and architecturally significant. In addition, it was essential that the stadium allowed as much daylight and ventilation to reach the pitch as possible. A main goal was to have the build achieve UEFA five-star stadium status. The project was to be funded by a combination of state (National Lottery Fund) and private investment. Multiplex Multiplex is a global contractor based†¦show more content†¦B. Reasons for Project Failure i. The new Wembley stadium was completed in 2007—five years late,  £360m over budget, and surrounded by legal disputes. Before we perform our analysis, we would like to highlight some of the facts that lead to failure. Design Multiplex argued that Mott MacDonald’s design for the Wembley steel work was not fit for purpose and that the initial designs were not correct, constructible, coordinated and consistent. In other words, although the design looked good, it was very challenging and maybe impossible to replicate to scale. Scope Changes The initial scope was to include football, rugby, and athletics in the same stadium. This later became very controversial and resulted in the removal of athletics from the design in 1999, because of the technical and commercial challenges of accommodating three sports within the same stadium. In 2001, the scope was further changed with the removal of a hotel from the project, the expansion of hospitality suites, and considerably changes to the north side of the stadium. These changes took Mott MacDonald an additional 8 months to redesign. Contracting There was no formal bidding process. In addition, it appeared that not all bidders were treated equally. This can be seen when the bidding process was opened back up after the contractors were narrowed down toShow MoreRelatedProject Management : Wembley Stadium3222 Words   |  13 Pages Lina Varnelyte @00379698 Project management 08/12/2014 Table of Contents Page 1. Introduction 3 2. Executive summary 3 3. Wembley Vision/Mission 3 4. Aims and objectives Read MoreAnalysis Of Wembley Stadium Project Management1454 Words   |  6 PagesA project is a temporary endeavour that creates a unique result. Time, budget, resources, and performance specifications, to meet requirements made by stakeholders, limit a project (Project Management Institute, 2013, pg.3). Project management is the application of tools, techniques, and knowledge to help achieve the three main constraints of scope, cost and time (Project Management Institute, 2013, pg.5). This applies managerial process and gives project managers the opportunity to make a projectRead MoreStadium Contracts1073 Words   |  5 PagesWembley Need to talk about criteria/ funding where the money came from The Wembley stadium was built using a Design and build Procurement strategy. A Design and build strategy is where a single contractor is responsible for both the design and construction of the stadium. The client must specify the type of building they require and the contractor proposes the best design to meet this, this information was found at the web address Building.co.uk. A design and build project allows the lowRead MoreThe Complex Nature Of Major Infrastructure Projects1135 Words   |  5 PagesFALLACY STEINBACH, KEVIN (1512052) MSC PROJECT MANAGEMENT SUM104 - PROJECT PLANNING AND CONTROL DOMINIC AHIAGA-DAGBUI 2ND NOVEMBER 2015 424 WORDS 1. Introduction The complex nature of major infrastructure projects means they are heavily dependent on effective teamwork and integration between parties for their success. Gajendran and Brewer (2012) state that these aspects of project management are critical to the success of any project, however it is clear that implementing these effectivelyRead MoreWembley Stadium Essay4184 Words   |  17 Pages1.0 Introduction and Scope The New Wembley National Stadium was envisioned to be one of the largest and extraordinary stadiums in the world. It was designed to be constructed with a seating capacity of 90,000 and now stands as the most expensive stadiums ever built. The aim of the project was to build a state-of-the-art national stadium and sought to be the home of English Football and to host other large music concerts, Athletic games and Cup finals. Designed to be state-of-the-art with theRead MoreAnalysis Of English Stadium Project At Wembley : Contracting Process1810 Words   |  8 Pages2: Analysis of English Stadium Project at Wembley: Contracting Process Date: 23 November 2014 Table of Contents Part 1 – Cost Determination (Module 4) Page 3 Part 2 – Standardized Procurement Documentation and Procurement Constraints (module 5) Page 6 Part 3: Contract Negotiation, Contract Approval And Vendor Management (Module 6) Page 8 PART 1: COST DETERMINATION (MODULE 4) How were the costs determined for this project? Under the Mott Stadium ConsortiumRead MoreConstruction Project Failure1776 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction: I have described the origins of construction project failure. In this paper, I analyzed the procedure of two different projects. I found both differences and similarities when I observed these two projects. The aforementioned projects are Wembley Stadium, the United Kingdom’s largest remodeled soccer stadium. Along with Wembley is the Hyderabad metro rail project, Asia s largest metro project, and this project has been deemed as the world s largest public-private partnership, yetRead MoreProject Management: Cpm Gantt4148 Words   |  17 PagesNetwork Diagram Gantt Chart: Critical Path The critical path for the Nottingham Rugby Stadium project is: Clear site – Drive support piles – Pour lower concrete base – Build roof supports – Construct roof – Install roof – Inspection This means these activities have no slack and therefore any delay in them will lead to the whole project being delayed. Project Duration The project commences on the Monday June 2nd 2008, and finishes on Friday January 14th 2011, which means work coversRead MoreEvaluation Of Efficiency And Effectiveness Of Building Information Modeling1807 Words   |  8 PagesEVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY EFFECTIVENESS OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELLING IN PROJECT MANAGEMENT: A MODEL-BASED PARAMETRIC INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ADVANTAGE ANALYSIS Olanrewaju Akeem Yusuf School of Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK. Conventionally, underperformance in construction projects was linked to lack of capability to manage information among the project team of which contractual and organization structural solutions had beenRead MoreA Critique of the Critical Chain Approach to Project Management3777 Words   |  16 PagesCourse in Operations Management ASSIGNMENT 1: â€Å"A CRITIQUE OF THE CRITICAL CHAIN APPROACH TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT† 3,000 words excluding reference list and summary for Dr. Tom Mullen Anthony C Mould October 2003 Reprinted with the kind permission of Anthony C Moulds. This essay should be viewed as an example of a well written, structured, referenced and argued assignment. It has been issued to MBA students on commencement of their studies, prior to submission of their first assignment.

What Makes You Successful - 844 Words

Have you ever wanted something so badly in your life you would give up your own life for it? Many of us have felt like that at least once in our lives, whether it involves landing our dream job, getting accepted into the school of our dreams, or even getting that special someone. Willpower means having the determination and drive to accomplish whatever goal you might have. Having a strong willpower will only benefit you, it will help you overcome any obstacles and give you a push to never give up. Reflect back on a time in your life when you were highly motivated to accomplish a goal. What made you successful? Dancing has always been a big part of my life, it is my first love, and it will forever keep a special place in my heart. It has been a part of me since the age of 3, I slept, ate, and breathed for dance. I danced everyday for 10 years, but once I thought this was going to be my life forever, God had a different plan for me. On November 2007, my life changed completely, it was during a dance recital when I heard a tear. It was not until my dance routine had ended that I tried getting up but failed to do so, that was when I had realized that what I heard was the tear of one of my leg muscles. On the next day I went to get my leg checked out, which is when my doctor had confirmed that I had indeed torn one of my calf muscles. Of course I was devastated, it meant I had to put a pause on dancing to get surgery and rehab my leg. Not being able to dance made thisShow MoreRelat edDefinition Essay. Defining Success644 Words   |  3 Pagessuccess is in the eye of the beholder. More than three-fourths of your life is spent working to become successful. People are told during childhood to work as hard as they can so they can grow up and make lots of money. But the word success can be taken in many different ways. Everyone has a different understanding of what success means to them. Generally, success means fulfilling the goals that you set for yourself. For some, success is measured by popularity and riches; for others success is determinedRead MoreOprah, By Oprah Gail Winfrey1340 Words   |  6 Pagesalso the founder of the O Magazine. Not only is she a successful entrepreneur, but she is also known as the richest woman in the world. (Marks-Ellis, 2008) Oprah Winfrey is the owner of all her companies. She is a spokesperson against child abuse because as a child, she experience being an abused. (Marks-Ellis, 2008) She manage and organize day to day activities for her company. She tells the people that works for her what she wants to see and what she don’t want to see on her network. Her networkRead MoreWhat Makes A Famous Quote By Thomas Edison1075 Words   |  5 Pagesrecipe that you can slap something together and become successful. These are great tips and inspirational articles available in journals, newspapers, and magazines and online, but it is up to you to decide which fit your life. These are the snippets that have caught my attention over the past few months, and I hope you will find this information helpful, too. 1. They have a definite purpose: The power is in the purpose. It doesn’t matter what the goal is, you just need to have one. Once you have aRead MoreWhat Makes a Business Successful?1072 Words   |  5 Pagesunderstand my chosen career path better. I am familiar with the structure, policies and procedures within the corporate world, but I know there is more to a successful business than just what is seen on the surface. There are many aspects of a business that make it profitable and successful. If you have one person with a great idea you can make it successful. With our ever changing technology and the digital age, competition has become fierce. If companies do not keep up with the new technology, the businessRead MoreA Better Manager : What Makes A Good Manager?1417 Words   |  6 PagesA Better Manager 1 Conflict is when you are coming into a disagreement or an argument that may arise. As a manager in a workforce, that manager should always expect to have some sort of conflict; whether it is with other managers or subordinates that work under that management. There is very difference situation in which makes a good manager versus what makes a bad manager. For instance, most successful managers come from life experience such as learning the techniques of handlingRead MoreThe Success Of Success Quotes1492 Words   |  6 Pagesfeel like we are successful in life. We want to go to bed feeling like we have done something worthwhile with our day. But why is it that so many of us are not living a life of success? Why are so many of us giving up on success and settling for mediocrity? It all has to do with our mindset. We are who we believe we are, just as we are capable of becoming who we believe we can become. That s why success quotes are so important in life. They are quotes from some of the most successful people and theyRead MoreSuccessful Student Essay781 Words   |  4 Pagesof a Successful Student. Are you a student who wants to be successful? All people can be good successful students, if they try hard and use self discipline to push them self harder. Being a successful student doesnt mean you are so smart you get to skip grades, it just means that you get good marks, work well with others, and dont get held back any grades. If you are a person who wants to keep your life on track, it takes hard work, determination, and patience. Being a successful studentRead MoreThe Complications Of Success By Russell Banks1647 Words   |  7 Pagesthat failures can lead to success based on what you do after failing, the reasons some may fail at becoming successful, and how certain ideas of success that other people have for you, can pull you away from your own ideas of success. Failures can either motivate you to try harder for success, or you can choose to let failures that take place make you unsuccessful. In these story’s it seems that the main character cannot become successful, because he has failed repeatedly at tryingRead MoreQualities Of A Successful Student1351 Words   |  6 PagesQualities of a Successful Student â€Å"Success is not an accident, it is hard work, perseverance, learning studying, sacrifice and most of all, love of what you are doing â€Å"- Pelà ©, soccer legend Success isn’t something you can frame on the wall. It is not something that you can attain one time and then discards it as being accomplished. It is not gifted to anyone; its hard work which leads to success because of determination. This is not a social status, no is it due to the amount of money you make, neitherRead MoreThe Key to Success in Life Essay1126 Words   |  5 Pagessuccess is to Take up one idea. Make that one idea your life - think of it, dream of it, live on that idea. Let the brain, muscles, nerves, every part of your body, be full of that idea, and just leave every other idea alone. To me this quote embodies what is it takes to be successful. Much like a marathon the goal isnt to come in first place and win but to simply finish and to do that you have to want to keep going, the pace at which you do so is irrelevant as long as you finish. Success has no definite