Thomas Jefferson Declaration Of Independence Analysis

(A critic and political analysis of Thomas Jefferson’s Declaration of Independence) Jefferson loved books and more especially classical ones† (Beran). Journalist and lawyer, Michael Beran, makes a clear reference to Thomas Jefferson, and his love of books. Books are what educated Jefferson and pushed him to become the great educated man the world knows today. Jefferson was born April 13th, 1743, during a time when to be educated, ment a person could comprehend the great classical books of human history. Jefferson understood the knowledge presented to him through classical books, and other documents, which in turn aided to his ability to be a strong political leader in a growing revolution. Jefferson lived through the entirety of the†¦show more content†¦To begin, the first persuasive technique used by Jefferson in (Dec.) is Jefferson’s understanding that he is dealing with an acrimonious audience, or an audience who disagrees with the views of the pr esenter. In this particular scenario, Jefferson’s audience is primarily the British Parliament, who greatly dislike the colonies and their choice to attempt separation from the British empire. In other words, the British Parliament, the audience of Jefferson’s declaration, greatly disapprove of the colonies choice to a separation, which is the main topic presented in (Dec.). Jefferson understands the position he is in when it comes to getting his audience to consider his point of view. Jefferson first understands that persuasion is a challenging of opinions, which means Jefferson must be careful what he says to keep his audience’s attention, an audience who does not want to see different perspectives on a subject they disagree with. One example of Jefferson’s ability to understand that he is dealing with a acrimonious audience occurs within the pages of his text, which lists, â€Å"He has kept among us in times of peace standing armies without the c onsent of our legislatures. He has effect toShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Declaration Of Independence By Thomas Jefferson909 Words   |  4 Pageswhich everyone of us need to have. It is our vision. Dream is that what you want to do in future to achieve success in your life. The dream is mainly dependent on settings of one lives and one’s social status. For example, The Declaration of Independence was by Thomas Jefferson. His American Dream, was to make people free from Britishers and to be treated equally. Martin Luther King, gave a dream speech call freedom, but mostly for the African American who like himself. Everyone has American DreamRead MoreAnalysis Of Thomas Jefferson s The Declaration Of Independence1576 Words   |  7 PagesMany would say that America was built on the principle that â€Å"all men are created equal† and that U.S. citizens are all given equal treatment, opportunities, and so on. But, is that really the case? Was Thomas Jefferson’ s famous words, forever inscribed in the Declaration of Independence, meant for everyone? Taking a look back into America’s short (at least when compared to other countries) history, the phrase â€Å"all men are created equal† doesn’t really seem to correlate with the circumstances of thatRead MoreDeclaration of Independence Essay example888 Words   |  4 Pages Thomas Jefferson is probably the most important person of the American Revolution. Many other prosperous and expressive young people were radical and serious; however the Congress’s most significant task was given to Thomas Jefferson - to compose the Declaration of Independence. People from the committee of the congress such as, John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, Roger Sherman and Robert Livingston selected Jefferson to compose the Declaration’s first draft. They were all aware that he was able to produceRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr s Letter Of Birmingham Jail903 Words   |  4 Pagesact, speak, or think as one wants without the concern of being oppressed (Webster). Freedom, is a unique element to the mixture of liberty across the United States. Martin Luther King Jr’s a â€Å"letter of Birmingham Jail,† and Thomas Jefferson in the Declaration of Independence both advocate the claim for freedom. Both of these historical figures make this apparent by arguin g for the protest against tradition, a change across unjust laws, although they differ between the kinds of change to be enforcedRead More Argument Analysis - Declaration of Independence Essay778 Words   |  4 PagesArgument Analysis - Declaration of Independence In May of 1776 a resolution was passed at the Virginia Convention in Williamsburg that asked the thirteen American colonies to declare the United Colonies free and independent from the British crown. At the second continental congress the resolution passed and on June 11, 1776 a five-man committee led by Thomas Jefferson was established to write the Declaration of Independence. On July 4, 1776 the members of the second continental congressRead MoreDeciphering Memory : John Adams And Authorship Of The Declaration Of Independence Essay1030 Words   |  5 PagesIn this paper, I wanted to review â€Å"Deciphering Memory: John Adams and the Authorship of the Declaration of Independence† by Robert E. McGlone. Many people knew that Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. John Adams was one of the people who supported Independence and signed his name on the Declaration of Independence. From this article, I understood that memory could help people to find the truth. In the article, the author used lots resource and the pictures to explain that JohnRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of The Declaration Of Independence.1343 Words   |  6 PagesRhetorical Analysis of the Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is arguably the most important historical work of the pre-modern era. Because of this document, America was recognized for its brash, albeit just demands for independence from Britain. Aside from the obvious historical significance and precedence of the document, its composition was constructed in such a way that conveyed the determination of a new nation to be one in its own. Historical context and rhetoricalRead MoreRhetorical Analysis of the Declaration of Independence Essays1206 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Quang Thai Professor Allison English 101 2 September 2014 Rhetorical Analysis In the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson, one of the founding fathers of the United States, explains to his readers why the colonies chose to abolish Great Britain’s government. His goal is to inform the readers that the government has certain responsibilities to the governed and that the British failed to adhere to its responsibilities to its colonists. His second goal is to justify their actions by explainingRead MoreUnited States Declaration of Independence Analysis Essay1075 Words   |  5 PagesMy document is going to analyze the â€Å"United States Declaration of Independence† which was published on July 4th, 1776. It was written by Thomas Jefferson and adopted by the Second Continental Congress, states the reasons the British colonies of North America sought independence in July of 1776. The declaration opens with a preamble describing the documents necessity, in explaining why the colonies have overthrown their ruler, and chosen to take their place as a separate nation, and to be independentRead MoreAnalysis of the Declaration of Independence Essay1040 Words   |  5 PagesAnalysis of The Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence by Thomas Jefferson was made in order to give the colonists a way to break free from the shackles of King George. This document has affected the building blocks of the United States and is one of the most important documents in U.S. history. The Declaration of Independance was the foundation of what this country was based on. However, what Jefferson and the other signers might not have expected is the strech, the firm

Human Resource Development and Workers Commitment in Nigeria Free Essays

INTRODUCTION The focus of this paper is to examine the role of human resource development and workers commitment in organization in particular and in Nigeria as a whole. For the purpose of this study, the concept of human resource development and manpower development will be used interchangeably. In any organization, it is the workforce who is considered important assets for the achievement of organizational goals. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource Development and Workers Commitment in Nigeria or any similar topic only for you Order Now Every industry desires to maximize its human resources to see that the best output is achieved. Therefore, human resource development policies are closely associated to that aspect of human resource management that is concerned with investing in people and developing the organization’s human capital. Keep (1989) in his view say: one of the primary objectives of human resource management is the creation of condition whereby the latent potential of employees will be realized and their commitment to the causes of the organization secured. This latent potential is taken to include, not only the capacity to acquire and utilize new skills and knowledge but also a hitherto untapped wealth of ideas about how the organization’s operations might be better ordered. The issue for employers goes beyond the need to upgrade the skills of the current workforce. It is also necessary to equip future entrants to the workforce with the requisite education which make them ‘trainable’ for emerging and constantly changing skills requirement. It is generally believed that if overall human conditions are to improve, there must be increasing emphasis on human resources development. Appropriately, such development provides for increase in productivity, enhance competitiveness and support economic growth. The importance of human resources development is obvious when one considered that in any economic activity, it is the human element that commands, direct, organizes, controls and maximizes. CONCEPTUAL CLARIFICATION Training and development remains a major component of human resource development. By definition, human resource (HR) is the manpower, employee or worker required by an organization; be it public or private to enable it achieves its predetermined objectives. That is, the purpose for which it is set up. It could mean the entire human resource (skilled, semi-skilled and unskilled) available within the country. Human resource development or otherwise manpower development is a continuous process of impacting new information, skills, attitude and ideas to employees dictated by the requirement of job change. It is a means of overcoming employee obsolescence through education and training. In other words, HR-development is a means by which employees are kept current on their official duties, this means in effect that it is the process of preparing the total quantitative and qualitative human asset in a nation or organization so that they can move with the nation or organizations as they develop, change and grow. Human resources development is a combination of training and education that ensure the continual improvement and growth of both the individual and the organization. Adam Smith stated that, â€Å"the capacities of individuals depended on their access to education†. In economic term, it could be describe as the accumulation of human capital and its effective investment in the development of a nation’s economy. In political term, manpower or HR development prepares people for adult participation in political process particularly as a citizen in democratic country. On the whole, HRD is the process of planning and controlling the way in which a person’s performance and potentials are developed by training and educational development programmes. WORKERS COMMITMENT A wide variety of definitions and measure of workers commitment exist. Beckeri, Randal, and Riegel (1995) defined the term in a three dimensions: 1. a strong desire to remain a member of a particular organization; 2. a willingness to exert high levels of efforts on behalf of the organization; 3. a define belief in and acceptability of the values and goals of the organization. To Northcraft and Neale (1996), commitment is an attitude reflecting an employee’s loyalty to the organization, and an ongoing process through which organization members express their concern for the organization and its continued success and well being. Organizational commitment is determined by a number of factors, including personal factors (e. g. , age, tenure in the organization, disposition, internal or external control attributions); organizational factors (job design and the leadership style of one’s supervisor); non-organizational factors (availability of alternatives). All these things affect subsequent commitment (Nortcraft and Neale, 1996). Mowday, Porter, and Steer (1982) see commitment as attachment and loyalty. These authors describe three components of commitment: ? an identification with the goals and values of the organization ? A desire to belong to the organization. ?A willingness to display effort on behalf of the organization. A similar definition of commitment emphasizes the importance of behaviour in creating it. Salancik (1977) conceives commitment as a state of being in which an individual becomes bound by his actions and it is these actions that sustain his activities and involvement. From this definition, it can be inferred that three features of behavior are important in binding individuals to act: visibility of acts, the extent to which the outcomes are irrevocable; and the degree to which the person undertakes the action voluntarily. To Salancik therefore, commitment can be increased and harnessed to obtain support for the organizational ends and interests through such things as participation in decision-making. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AND WORKERS COMMITMENT IN NIGERIA The most important strategy for productivity improvement is based on the fact that human productivity, both high and low is determined by the attitudes of all those who work in the enterprise. Thus, to improve labour commitment, it is necessary to change attitude towards positive drive. These changes develop positive attitudes and an organizational culture which will be favourable towards productivity improvement as well as technological changes. To improve productivity, it is therefore necessary to manage change; this means motivating, inducing and generating change. Ashton and Felstead (1995) regard the investment by an organisation in the skills of employees as a ‘litmus test’ for a change in the way they are manages. First, the replacement of the words ‘training cost’ with investment responses to the outcomes of HRD where the continuation of viewing training s a short-term cost has persistently acted as a powerful break of many training strategies. Having defined human resource development as the study and practice of increasing the learning capacity of individuals, groups, collectives, and organizations through the development and application of learning-based interventions for the purpose of optimizing human and organizational growth and effectiveness, it is indicated that formal training enhances employees’ organizational commitment. Sharma 1989 had also found a correlation between training and organizational commitment. Organizations that offer employees a relative high degree of development opportunities and internal career possibilities were also found to have opportunities has also been reported to have a positive effect on perceived rationalism of the employment relation, which is also said to have accounted for higher levels of commitment and job satisfaction. In organizations that offer training opportunities, employee commitment and citizenship behaviour are found to be higher than in organizations that do not offer the same. Studies has also shown that violation of perceived training obligations result in reduced organizational commitment and increased intentions to leave the organization. Tannenbaum et al. (1991) found that naval recruits who participated in an 8-week training held higher levels of affective commitment than before the training. EQUITY THEORY The theory was propounded by Adam Staley John in 1963 and this theory calls for a fair balance to be struck between an employee’s input (hard work, skill level, tolerance, enthusiasm etc. ) and employee’s output (salary, benefits, recognition etc). According to the theory, finding this fair balance serves to ensure a strong and productive relationship achieved with the employee, with the overall result being contended, motivated employees. Adam’s Equity Theory acknowledges that subtle and variable factors affect an employee assessment and perception of their relationship with their work and their employer. The theory is built on the belief that employees become de-motivated, both in relation to their job and their employer if they feel as though their inputs are greater than the output. This theory also compares the input and output between different workers at different levels. Bringing this theory to the level of work commitment in Nigeria, it will be noted that workers are highly de-motivated because of the inequality between their various input and their output. For instance, comparing the input of a University Professor with that of a Senator and relating it to their output, this will highly de-motivate professor to work. And these are some of the problem affecting workers commitment in Nigeria. HUMAN CAPITAL THEORY Human Capital theory was proposed by Schultz (1961) and developed extensively by Becker (1964). According to the theory, it suggests that education or training raises the productivity of workers by imparting useful knowledge and skills, hence raising workers’ future income by increasing their lifetime earnings (Becker, 1994). It postulates that expenditure on training and education is costly, and should be considered an investment since it is undertaken with a view to increasing personal incomes. The human capital approach is often used to explain occupational wage differentials. Human capital can be viewed in general terms, such as the ability to read and write, or in specific terms, such as the acquisition of a particular skill with a limited industrial application. In his view, human capital is similar to â€Å"physical means of production†, e. g. , factories and machines: one can invest in human capital (via education, training, medical treatment) and one’s outputs depend partly on the rate of return on the human capital one owns. Thus, human capital is a means of production, into which additional investment yields additional output. Human capital is substitutable, but not transferable like land, labor, or fixed capital. This suggest that for human resource development to be effective and for workers to be more committed to the organization, the organizations concerned need to be more involved in the training and re-training of its workforce. THE HUMAN CAPITAL MODEL The human capital model suggests that an individual’s decision to invest in training is based upon an examination of the net present value of the costs and benefits of such an investment. Individuals are assumed to invest in training during an initial period and receive returns to the investment in subsequent periods. Workers pay for training by receiving a wage which is lower than what could be received elsewhere while being trained. Since training is thought to make workers more productive, workers collect the returns from their investment in later periods through higher marginal roducts and higher wages. Human capital models usually decompose training into specific training, which increases productivity in only one firm, and general training, which increases productivity in more than one firm. Purely general training is financed by workers, and the workers receive all of the returns to this training. In contrast, employees and employers will share in the costs and returns o f specific training. Despite these differences between general and specific training, the model predicts that both forms of training lower the starting wage and increase wage growth. THE NIGERIAN CONTEXT Human resource development in Nigeria has come a long way, but the process of actual resource development has been very gradual. Nigerian attempt at human resources development in particular cannot be separated from the country’s post-colonial attempt at accelerated education and industrialization. In a broader sense, every post colonial government’s investment in education has been for the purpose of providing the manpower which the nation needs in it private and public sectors. This led to the establishment of three (3) Universities by the three regional governments of West, East, and the North (University of Ibadan which is the first) and the establishment of University of Lagos by the federal government all within the first decade of post independence Nigeria. As a result of the country’s quest for technological development, polytechnics and universities of technology as stream in the 1970s, 80s, and 90s. Provision of universities and polytechnics education were meant to provide the national economy with the manpower it needs to develop and expand. The emphasis on formal and higher education as a basis of national human resource development was quite apparent in all the national development plans of post independence Nigeria. Gradually, the nation’s economic planners shifted attention to intervention in the areas of training and manpower development. In fairness to our earlier economic planners, Onasanya (2005) believes that â€Å"without education, there can be no training and without the two, there can be no development†. Government’s attempt at strengthening training and development in the national economy led to the establishment of the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in 1971; Administrative and Staff Training College of Nigeria (ASCON) in 1973; and Centre for Management Development (CMD) in 1976. The idea behind the three establishments is the provision of consultancy on training needs all enterprise, training higher level manpower staff, and conducting research into problems of manpower and administration in public and private sectors. Onasanya (2005) also believe government’s intervention as stated above must be appreciated in the Nigeria context because, â€Å"until recently, and probably until the intervention of the government (training was one of the ill-managed and haphazardly handled areas of modern enterprises. Training and development was seen as a waste of a workers labour hours (to his employer) and a way of denying the employer the service of the employee. The above analysis is not to take away the concerted effort in the public and private sectors towards training and human resource development. Public sector workers have many structured training programmes and many government have a ministry of establishment and training, as well as designated training centres. In the private sector, some notable sectors such as banking, telecommunications, and manufacturing industries are more proficient in training today than in the past. The efficiency of manpower training and new technology has helped these sectors in terms of better service delivery. But, are workers really committed in Nigeria? Workers’ commitment or otherwise in Nigeria is more than whether there human capacity is developed because there are many factors affecting workers motivation and commitment in Nigeria. The global economic meltdown has meant less security for workers in Nigeria and throughout the world. Even good workers do lose their jobs at these times, hence morale is generally low. Other factors such as culture, god-fatherism, ICT and other modern technologies have impacted negatively on workers morale and productivity in Nigeria. The gradual decimation of the power of labour unions have also not helped matter. TOOLS/METHOD FOR MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN ORGANIZATIONS The tools and methods for manpower development in organizations differs, and it is largely determined by the objectives of organizations, the idiosyncrasy of management staff or the chief executive, the organizational policy, as well as the organizational environment to mention a few. Thus, it is a common feature to see methods for manpower development varying from one organization to the other, just as a given organization can be tailored at adopting different methods at different times or a combination of techniques t the same time. However, some methods for manpower development are stated below: 1. Orientation: This method of manpower development could be said to be an integral part of the recruitment exercise in that once an employee has been found appointable, it is expected that such an employee need to be positively oriented in line with the vision and aspiration of the organization for effective discharge of function. And since employee function in an organization is basically affected by his perception of the organization vis-a-vis the rules and principles that exist in the organization. It therefore follow that an employee undergoes formal and informal orientation in a place of work. While the formal orientation focuses on job specification and occupational demands placed on the employee, the informal orientation involve the social interaction that take place in the place of work which could either boost productivity or be detrimental to it (Koontz et al. 1980). Orientation therefore, as a method of manpower development is quite indispensable because it helps in boosting the productivity of workers which is needed for competing in the global market of the 21st century. . On the Job Method of Manpower Development: This method is basically different from the orientation method in that while orientation is at the point of entry into the organization or a new assignment; on the job method is a process through which knowledge and experience are acquired over a period of time either formally or informally. This process involve the following: (a)Coaching: This is a method of on the job training and development in which a young employee is attached to a senior employee with the purpose of acquiring knowledge and experience needed for the performance of tasks. Yalokwu, 2000). (b) Job Rotation: This method either involve the movement of an employee from one official assignment or department to the other, in order for the employee to be acquainted with the different aspects of the work process or through job enlargement – that is, given additional responsibility to an employee who has been uplifted as a result of the acquisition of additional skill or knowledge (Yalokwu, 2000; Lawal, 2006). (c) in House Training: This involve a formal method of on the job training n which skills and knowledge are acquired by employees through internally organized seminars and workshops geared toward updating the workers with new techniques or skills associated with the performance of their jobs. (Lawal, 2006). (d) In Service Training: These methods involve trainin g outside the organization or workplace in higher institution of learning or vocational centres under the sponsorship of the organization or on terms that may be agreed upon between the organization and the worker (Lawal, 2006). 3. Committee/Work Group Method: This method entails manpower development through the involvement of employees in meetings, committees and work group discussion geared towards injecting inputs in form of decision making as regard solving organizational problem. This method is quite indispensable, especially in the aspect of training employees for managerial functions or heading organizational units. 4. Vestibule Training Method: This is a method of manpower development through the acquisition of skills in a related working environment (Nongo, 2005). Under this method the trainee practices his skill with identical equipment that he uses or he is expected to use in his actual place of work. This method is most suitable for sensitive operations where maximal perfection is expected. The purpose is therefore to enable perfection at work place. 5. Apprenticeship Method: This method of manpower development involve the acquisition of skill through extensive practice for over a period of time by the trainee. This type of manpower development device could either be formal or informal. In the informal environments the trainee is attached to the trainer, and he/she is expected to pay for an agreed period of apprenticeship (Nongo, 2005). In the formal environment on the other hand, an employee of an organization could be placed under apprenticeship in the organization with pay. THE RELEVANCE OF MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA 1. Economic Development: The relevance of manpower development in Nigeria could be situated vis-a-vis economic development. This is because manpower development captures the actual meaning of development in that it is people centered (World Bank 1991; Grawboski and Shields 1996). In addition, it involves the building of capacity and harnessing the State’s human resource which constitute a sine-qua-non for development. The above advantage was vividly conceptualized by Harbison (1973) when he stated that: Human resources constitute the ultimate basis for wealth of nations, capital and natural resources are passive factors of production; human beings are the active agents who accumulate capital, exploit natural resources, build social, economic and political organizations, and carry forward national development. Clearly a country which is unable to develop the skills and knowledge of its people and to utilize them effectively in the national economy will be unable to develop anything else. 2. Political Stability: There is no doubt that a country which fails to adequately develop her manpower would be doing so at the expense of her socio-economic and political stability. In the aspect of political stability, Omodia (2004) stressed the dysfunctional use of the nation’s human resource among the youths in propelling political instability when he stated that: †¦there has been situations in which the Nigerian youth especially, those of poor family background were used as tools for disrupting the political democratic system through rigging, thuggery and ethnic conflicts. These factors of rigging, thuggery in addition to economic mismanagement, personal ambition or selfishness among others, were the factors that terminated the First and Second Republic. Thus, manpower development could help the youths in the development of self and in improving the quality of their political participation. 3. Poverty Alleviation: It has been argued that effective poverty alleviation scheme must involve the development and utilization of local resource including human for solving local problems (Robb, 2000; Omodia, 2005). Thus, manpower development is central to solving the present problem of poverty in Nigeria. CHALLENGES FACING MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA 1. Colonial Experience: There have been several arguments regarding the distortions in manpower development of national growth in Nigeria as a result of colonialism which was fashioned towards economic exploitation (Ekpo, 1989; Ake, 2001; Dauda, 2003). It could be recalled that the advent of colonialism led to the integration of the Nigerian economy into the World Capitalist System thereby placing minimum premium on labour when compared to other factors of production. This poor performance of indigenous labour by the colonial government no doubt has persisted in the post-colonial Nigerian State. As a result, this problem account for the lack of adequate attention given to labour as a critical part of the production process in Nigeria. 2. Poor Political Leadership: Closely related to the problem of colonial experience as a problem of manpower development in Nigeria is poor political leadership which is further deepening the problem of manpower development in Nigeria. This factor has manifested itself in poor funding of education over the years (Baikie, 2002), disparity or class in manpower development between children of the rich and the poor (Omodia, 2006). 3. Poor Manpower Planning: This problem is associated with the poor data base that is needed for manpower planning in Nigeria both in the rural and urban centers. This problem no doubt constitutes a major hindrance on effective manpower development in Nigeria (Baikie, 2002; Oku 2003). 4. Poor Funding: Nigeria’s democracy has enhanced the practice of human resource development, determining the quota of expatriates it permits. Nigeria’s economy allows the importation of new technology to enhance human resource development, but training is still a bit slow, thus employment of expatriates to handle such is still encouraged. In Nigeria there is application of new management techniques and skills used in the running of organizations. All aimed at running cost effective system. 5. The socio-cultural diversity of Nigeria has influenced the human resource management practices in Nigeria. Nigeria is characterized by over reliance on culture, language, religion, gender and educational qualifications as a basis for determining who get employed and who need to be trained and re-trained. What this means is that, the opportunity for an average Nigeria to get employed is a factor of the aforementioned cases. CONCLUSION This paper have been able to situate or relate what could be referred to as manpower underdevelopment to socio-economic and political problems in Nigeria by looking at such factors as poverty, political instability and economic underdevelopment. From this background, it is therefore important to conclude that human resource development as a concept and method should be able to take its rightful place as a tool for development in Nigeria through the recognition of the fact that it is the most active and indispensable in the process of production even in the global age of the 21st century. RECOMMENDATION FOR EFFECTIVE MANPOWER DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA The options recommended for effective manpower development in Nigeria could be viewed from two basic perspectives: 1. The option of an enhanced regulatory capability on the part of government for effective reinforcement of manpower policies. This is quite indispensable based on the need to ensure quality manpower development irrespective of sex, class, ethnic affiliation to mention a few. This point could best be appreciated considering the liberal nature of most government policies which tend to snowball into elitist benefit in terms of policy outcome. 2. The need for government to be persuasive in making organizations embraces well designed policies at improving the development of manpower in Nigeria. This could be done both internally and externally. Internally, organizations should be made to see reasons why a careful manpower development plan should form part of their plans and objectives for the financial year. As a matter of fact, the success of organizations should not only be measured in terms of the magnitude of profit through the adoption of outdated personnel administration technique, but, basically on the contribution of the organization in enlarging the confidence of its workers through manpower development. The external factor involves the contribution of organization to the development of manpower through financial support meant to boost adult education, vocational education, and specialized research institutes to mention a few. REFERENCES Ake, C. (2001): Democracy and Development in Africa. Ibadan: Spectrum Books Limited. Baikie, A. (2002): Recurrent Issues in Nigeria Education. Zaria: Tamaza Publishing Company. Becker, G. S. (1964): Human capital. New York: Columbia University Press. Dauda, S. (2003): The Crisis of Development in Africa: The Democratic Imperatives. J Dev Soc, Ekpo, A. H. (1989): Manpower Development in Nigeria. In: SC Ogbuagu (Ed. ): Strategy For National Development In Nigeria. Calabar: University of Calabar Press. FGN (1998): National Policy on Education. Lagos: Federal Government Press. Grabowski, R. , Shields, M. (1996): Development Economics. USA: Blackwell Publishers Incorporation. Harbison, F. (1973): Human Resources as the Wealth of Nations. New York: Oxford University Press. Koontz, H; O’Donnel. C; Weihrich, H. (1980): Management. Japan: McGraw Hill Publishing Company. Lawal, M. M. (2006): Manpower Management: A Hand Book for Personnel Managers and Students of Administration. Abuja: Roots Books and Journals Nigeria Limited. Nongo, S. (2005): Fundamental of Management, Makurdi: Aboki Publishing Company. Oku, O. (2003): The Universal Basic Education (UBE) Programme: Issues and Problems of Policy Implementation. J Nig Langs Cul, Omeje,J. O. (2006): Developmental Psychology. Nnike Publishing Press, Enugu. Omodia, S. (2004): The Family as a Vehicle for Sustainable Democracy in Nigeria. J Fam Dev. Omodia, S. (2005): Poverty Alleviation in a Deregulated Economy. Challenges and Prospects For Sustainable Democracy in Nigeria. J Adm. Omodia, S. (2006): The Liberal and Elitist Perception of Public Policies in Nigeria: A Focus on the National Policy on Women and Education in the Nigerian Fourth Republic. Acad For Onasanya, S. A. B. (2005):Effective Personnel Management and Industrial Relation. Centre for Management Development, Lagos. Robb, C. M. (2002): Can the Poor Influence Policy? USA: World Bank. Sharma, B. R. (1989): A Study of the Relationship of Organizational Climate with Organisational; Commitment and Psychological Well being, PhD Thesis, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla. Tannenbaum, S. L; Mathieu, J. E; Salas, E. Cannon-Bowers, J. A. (1991): Meeting Trainees’ Expectations: The Influence of Training Fulfillment on the Development of Commitment, Self-eficacy, and Motivation. The Journal of Applied Psychology. World Bank (1991): World Development Report. New York: Oxford University Press. Yalokwu, P. O. (2000): Management: Concept and Techniques . Lagos: Peak Publishers. How to cite Human Resource Development and Workers Commitment in Nigeria, Essay examples

Pink Eye free essay sample

Symptoms of Conjunctivitis The most common symptom for conjunctivitis is redness of the eyes. Blurred vision and sensitivity to light are also signs of the infection. As the infection gets worse the symptoms increase. A discharge is very common with conjunctivitis and patients with this discharge notice that it yellowish, thick and look like pus. When you wake up your eyes will be crusted together from this discharge. Other indication of conjunctivitis is burning or itching of the eye, continuous tearing, a scratchy feeling in the eye, swollen or red eye lids, hazy vision (due to the infection, tears, or puss).What causes Conjunctivitis The most common cause is viruses or bacteria. Dry eyes or over exposure to wind and sun can also cause conjunctivitis. Tears have natural enzymes and antibiotics that help protect your eyes so lack of tears can cause this infection. Using extended wear contacts lenses (contacts that stay in your eyes for longer than 24 hours) also higher your risk for getting conjunctivitis, because the lenses hold bacteria in the lenses. We will write a custom essay sample on Pink Eye or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Allergic reactions to cosmetics, pollen, chlorine in a swimming pool, or chemicals will also cause an infection that in terms causes pink eye. Types of ConjunctivitisThere are a few different types of conjunctivitis. Viral conjunctivitis is most common and is caused by adenoviruses, which are responsible for the infection. While dealing with viral conjunctivitis it is important to see your doctor for antibiotics. Bacterial conjunctivitis is caused by the bacteria Staphylococci and Streptococci. The bacteria in bacterial conjunctivitis are also what causes ear infections, a runny nose, cough, and sore throat. Thus is a reason you should see your doctor for antibiotics as soon as possible. Allergic pink eye is caused by allergens such as animal dander, dust, and seasonal pollen.The good thing about allergic pink eye is, it’s mostly just seasonal and most over the counter allergy medications will cure it. Chemical pink eye usually happens when any irritating substance enters the eye. Common irritants are smoke, perfume, fog, household cleaners, sprays of any kind (including hair spray), and industrial pollutants. Neonatal conjunctivitis is found in newborns, if left untreated can cause blindness. If a mother who’s pregnant has a sexually transmitted disease (STD) its likely that the child will be born with the infection. Although it’s uncommon in the U.S Chlamydia Pink Eye is very common in Africa and Middle Eastern countries. Chlamydia pink eye is from the sexually transmitted disease (STD) Chlamydia. The medication for this type is slightly different from the other types, and is not recommended to children under the age of nine because it can stain or discolor their teeth. Treatment of Conjunctivitis The only treatment for conjunctivitis is seeing your doctor and getting a prescription for an antibiotic. The antibiotic comes in eye drops or ointment, the ointment is usually prescribed for newborns and infants.There are however some home remedies that will ease the discomfort. African tribes believe that using urine on a rag or towel and placing that on the eye will relieve the itching. Washing your eyes using chamomile flower tea is known to reduce the swelling, putting a moist chamomile tea bag on a closed eye for at least 10 minutes will ease the redness and is safe to use every few hours, increase salads and green leafy vegetables, do not use any contact lenses until your pink eye is gone, and stay away from cigarettes and alcohol.Prevention of Conjunctivitis Conjunctivitis i s highly contagious. To help prevent the spread of conjunctivitis you should make sure you change your pillowcases regularly, do not share towels, wash your hands often, don’t share cosmetics and throw away any make up that you have used (most important mascara and eyeliner), clean contact lenses properly.Spreading pink eye from one eye to another is very common to prevent this, when wiping the drainage from the affected eye use a tissue and make sure you throw it away and do not use the same tissue on both eyes. Conclusion In closing, conjunctivitis is a highly contagious infection that is very irrigating and last about 4-7 days. However with proper actions, some home remedies and a doctor visit this infection can be less aggregating and uncomfortable.

Utopia Essays - Utopian Novels, Idealism, Utopia, Utopian Fiction

Utopia Positives and Negatives of the Utopian Society Sir Thomas More wrote a novel named Utopia about a country that existed only in his mind. More used the story to explore his views and feelings about politics and government. People still believe that the story holds truths that are relevant today even though More wrote Utopia during the Renaissance. Utopia contains information about More's vision of a perfect society. The Utopian government was able to overcome or prevent all problems facing the country. The government first segregates the island by digging a canal around it so that the ocean will create and island that has hazardous straights as it's only means into the island. It then handles the many aspects that a community faces in a manner that, for the most part, creates an enjoyable environment to live in. There are however a few points that I found a flaw in. Personal wealth, religion, and justice are three areas of the Utopian society that have positive and negative sides. The first area of the Utopian society that I found weakness in is the lack of personal property. Every person who could get up and work did so for six hours a day. People were not allowed to be idle as it was against the law. "Actually their working hours are sufficient to provide not only an abundance, but a superabundance of all the necessities and conveniences of life" (p.35). Since every person contributes to the production of every food or material product in the commonwealth, there is no poverty and no greed. This concept looks great on paper. I feel, however, that this lack of owning anything would cause people to feel like they don't work for themselves. There would be no reason to toil over soil that was hard to sew if you knew you were not going to starve regardless of what you produced. The next part of Utopian culture that I disagree with is its religion and the policy it has on holidays. The people are able to worship any god they wish in anyway they wished. . The people of Utopia are able to partake in any religious ceremony they choose. Each citizen worships as he pleases and as long as he does not force his beliefs onto others he is fine (p.70). This freedom gave people a very important right. It helped to end many problems that occurred during the early years of Utopia (p. 72). This policy is a magnificent idea and it surprised me that no one who actually ran a country had thought of this. The only flaw that I found in Utopian religion was that all citizens had to the same temple at the same time for the festival of the first and last days of the month. These days, called Cynemern and Trapermern, were celebrated in a common temple in the city. The name of no specific god was used in the celebration except Mithra. Since every sect of religion used this name for their god. The government designed the services in this fashion so that they would not offend any religion (p.77). The use of no specific name of a god is a good way to avoid offending people, but it also makes the ceremony very impersonal. It seems to me that it would have been more beneficial if each group of religious Utopians was able to worship in the temple on their own day. This way they would be able to call their god anything they wanted and would feel surrounded by people with their same beliefs. The final area with some aspects is the Utopian justice system. The government does not have many laws; they do not see a need for it. The Utopians see no need in having many laws when there is not enough time to spend to gain the understanding for a larger number. Actually, the Utopians feel that honoring good citizens as a better way to develop morals. Displaying the names of people who have done good for the commonwealth, is thought to be a good way to detour others from acting against the common good. The laws that are made are very few and are made to enforce the desired ethics. If a law is broken, the punishment is normally left to the head of the family, a male, unless the crime is so bad that a public punishment would be better for the people of the city (p.60). There are no standards for the punishment according

Untitled Document Essay

Untitled Document Essay Untitled Document Essay Mercutio is one of the cleverest, wittiest characters in all of Shakespeare's tragedies. He is constantly poking fun at Romeo's lovelorn melancholy, using bawdy sexual double entendres and puns that would have delighted Shakespeare's audiences. When Romeo is hiding in the Capulet's garden, for example, Mercutio tries to goad him into revealing himself through sexual references to Rosaline, the former object of his longing: I conjure thee by Rosaline's bright eyes. By her high forehead and her scarlet lip, By her fine foot, straight leg, and quivering thigh, And the demesnes that there adjacent lie, That in thy likeness thou appear to us! Later, in a long and comical speech on love, he mockingly describes love in explicitly sexual terms: ...For this drivelling love is like a great natural that runs lolling up and down to hide his bauble in a hole. Later in one his more famous scenes, he relentlessly mocks the Nurse by comparing her dress to a sail (suggesting she is massively overweight) and begging her servant Peter to give the Nurse a fan to hide her face. Mercutio, then, is a foil for Romeo, who is always moaning about love, and he serves as a consistent source of comic relief throughout the play. A notable exception is his death scene, when he recklessly provokes a duel with Tybalt, and in his poignant speech blaming the Montagues and Capulets for his death. Mercutio is one of the cleverest, wittiest characters in all of Shakespeare's tragedies. He is constantly poking fun at Romeo's lovelorn melancholy, using bawdy sexual double entendres and puns that would have delighted Shakespeare's audiences. When Romeo is hiding in the Capulet's garden, for example, Mercutio tries to goad him into revealing himself through sexual references to Rosaline, the former object of his

How To Use Video To Boost Engagement Rates With Almost No Budget

How To Use Video To Boost Engagement Rates With Almost No Budget These days, content marketing is all about videos. This trend is expected to continue into the future. By 2021, it’s been estimated that 82% of consumer Internet content will be from the video medium. Video helps marketers improve SEO, increase engagement, and produce higher retention rates. Today, we’re talking to Alex Schofield, account executive at Wistia, where he helps customers reach their sales and marketing goals by using the company’s video platform. He shares how to avoid the pitfalls of creating videos as one-off tactics to create a video strategy and think creatively for unique and budget-friendly uses of video. Reasons why marketers should embrace video (generate awareness and help people make decisions about different problems that your company could solve) People retain 90% of message delivered via video, compared to 10% via text Customers crave authenticity and human connection when dealing with businesses video makes that possible Use video as an inexpensive part of your email strategy to gain exposure; and use social exposure to build influence and awareness of your brand People’s email filters are out of your control, but email is still effective if you focus on how you deliver the video Think strategically about where video can play a part in every stage of your marketing funnel to guide prospects and help push them through their journey Measure success by identifying the goal of the video and funnel stage The B-word (Budget): Different types of videos for different budgets Video Distribution: Include videos on the landing pages of your Website and work with existing avenues (email, social networks, etc.) to incorporate videos Links: Wistia Wistia Learning Center We Just Launched Three Soapbox Ads That Cost $111,000 to Produce Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2016–2021 SalesLoft: Video in Sales Emails Increases Reply Rates 26% TOFU, MOFU, BOFU: How To Talk To Prospects At Every Stage Of The Marketing Funnel With Emma Tupa From Academy Marketing Resource Hub Write and send a review to receive a care package If you liked today’s show, please subscribe on iTunes to The Actionable Content Marketing Podcast! The podcast is also available on SoundCloud, Stitcher, and Google Play. Quotes by Alex Schofield: â€Å"I’ve really fallen in love with video and everything that it can do for business.† â€Å"(Video helps) people make conscious decisions about the different problems they’re trying to solve, and that your company could potentially solve for them.† â€Å"People prefer to consume their information via video.† â€Å"A well-placed and timed video in a sales email is an undisputed value-add.† You don’t need to have a $10,000 video budget or a $5000 video budget or even a $1500 video budget to create an effective video.

Reflections Associated with I Just Wanna Be Average Essay

Reflections Associated with I Just Wanna Be Average - Essay Example Rose in this book presents his fellow students as products of environment they are in. During the time he was in vocational school, he is presented to us as an average student who is rarely noticed in class. Mike Rose is not limited by his brains but by his surrounding and the fact that he is a vocational student. It is ironic that in this particular category as student they are not expected to do well even by their own teachers. Students in this surrounding have low expectations and as a result, they perform poorly because that is what they are made to believe. In reality, there is a choice to perform well, but students in most cases follow the standards or levels set by the teachers. What makes this book outstanding is the fact that Mike Rose is placed in these classes as a result of confusion but, due to his strong character and determination he decides to take the enrollment. Even though, a student Rose closely examines his teachers and fellow classmates. Through his essay, he ex plains that his teachers act as if they do not want to teach; in a much-unexpected way, they use violence and lack of teaching plans to control students. This act negates the rule that students need motivation from their environment and especially their teachers. However, Rose looks at these from both sides and states that his fellow classmates do not express any desire to learn. Students in this essay paint learners who are into fights, parties and slacking off as non-performers and lack academic visions (Joy 2008). The value of student determination is illustrated through Rose because he has to travel to school using two buses. His first bus leaves him midpoint from South Los Angeles and second one takes him through forests and lots of flowers as he mentions in the essay. He also discovered some special qualities from his fellow students, which reveals one, fact that students are not as bad as they seem there is always what can be done. One of his classmates that caught his attent ion was Ken Harvey who always gave sincere answers. When asked about his expectations, he states, that he wants nothing but be average. Rose analyzes this situation further why Ken thought in such a way. He attributes these to the difficulties that students go through in their school years. Rose argues that life is wild and confusing at this particular stage of development and that by settling for low standards makes their lives a little bearable. These theory he later confirms when he joints a typical school. The standards that are set are high for him and he feels like he should be a common student, like Ken. The idea that students will always strive to achieve the set standards comes into play when Rose’s Dad dies. He is left alone and feels like he is not going to make it, fortunately at this particular time a man named Mr. McFarland is introduced as their English teacher, these man comes in with disorder and eccentrics. Despite these Rose finds he likes the teacher becau se he has his students at heart and encourages them to work hard. As a result of this attitude rose finds himself interested in learning more than ever, eventually the teacher convinces him to enroll for college education. Through his effort and encouragement from McFarland, Rose ends up perusing college education and finds his true self. This essay reveals many interesting facts about motivation in

The Finite Element Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

The Finite Element - Research Paper Example One of the main challenges in solving partial differential equations is to use equations which are approximate but numerically stable so that error accumulation does not cause the solution to be meaningless. The finite element method is an excellent technique for solving partial differential equations over complex domains. Application of the finite element method in structural mechanics is based on an energy principle, such as the virtual work principle, which provides a general, intuitive and physical basis. The finite element method originated as a technique used to solve stress analysis problems, but today it can be applied to a multitude of disciplines ranging from fluid mechanics, to heat transfer to electromagnetism. The buckle of a standard lap belt used in passenger aircrafts has been designed and is ready to undergo testing. In order to be released into the market, the strap system must be able to withstand a 450 kg tensile load. It is assumed that the weakest point of the design is the flat plate of the buckle. Thus, prior to engaging in a costly test scenario, a simple finite element analysis of the buckle is to be made to insure soundness of design, i.e. the material does not exceed its yield strength and no significant distortion occurs. Preparing the problem for analysis first requires definition of assumptions. Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of the buckle to be analy... thickness of the part (which is assumed to be constant) is believed to be small enough compared to the width of the part such that shell elements can be used. Displacements are expected to be relatively small such that a linear approximation will be valid. Figure 1 2.2 Material Properties The part is manufactured from 2.5 mm stainless steel plate with a Young's modulus of elasticity of 206 GN/m2, Poison's ratio of 0.3, and a yield strength of 580 MN/m2. Homogeneous and isotropic material was assumed with no discontinuities or residual stresses present as a result of manufacturing processes such as forging, rolling and welding. The material is assumed to have linear elastic properties. 2.3 Mesh A mesh that provides a good representation of the model is critical for an accurate solution; the elements must be well-shaped and close fit. For this analysis, the element type chosen was PLANE82, which is a 2D structural solid element. The element has 8 nodes, which increases calculation time over its 4-node counterpart but also increase accuracy of solution. Eight-noded elements are also known to be more accurate for modelling curved boundaries, which is where the areas of maximum stress were expected in the buckle. The PLANE 82 element type also offered the benefit of accounting for a thickness value in its input properties. Since maximum stress values were expected in the curved sections of the part, two meshing values were utilised, thus providing a denser mesh in critical areas. In the curved areas, a value of 0.25 was used, while 0.51 was used in the rest of the model. 2.4 Boundary Conditions Determination and application of boundary conditions is critical to the analysis. For this model, it was assumed that displacements would be small enough so as to not

Student Leaders Assembly Essay Example for Free

Student Leaders Assembly Essay Sunday, August 15 2010, marked the first day of the Student Leader’s Assembly of both the High School and College departments of the different Don Bosco schools who participated in the said event. They were composed of the student council and the different officers of the clubs and organizations of both levels in the different schools. It was a truly wonderful experience for them since it fostered team building and getting to know each other again after a long time. The event was held at Don Bosco Tarlac, since they were selected as the host of the said event. By the time the participants arrived at Don Bosco Tarlac, they were asked to register their names and put their bags in their assigned rooms. After the facilitators mentioned the rules, they already felt at home in the school since it brings an â€Å"aura† per se, of their school, since it the place was also a Don Bosco school. There was a time when the participants were given time to freshen up before they were ordered to go to the gym for the program to take place. The participants were asked to seat at a certain group according to the number designated on their ID’s. The program started with the raising of the Bosconian Insignias in the different Don Bosco schools while having someone who seemed to be a Bosconian â€Å"bunso† sing the song â€Å"Di Ka Nag-iisa†. It was a very breathtaking experience, because the people were astounded at what a Bosconian â€Å"bunso† could do, at such a young age. The raising of the insignias was followed by the singing of the National Anthem and the opening prayer entitled â€Å"The Prayer†, led by the two selected participants representing Don Bosco Technical College, Mandaluyong. The opening ceremonies of the different insignias ended with a basking applause from the participants. The actual program started with the game called â€Å"Blind Barthemeus†, where a leader would be in charge of asking the other participants some questions while the rest are blindfolded. After getting to know each other as a group, the next game called the â€Å"Game of Life†, was initiated shortly. The instructions were given, and a â€Å"map† of some sort was distributed to each group. They were assigned to make a 3-feet tall tower made of the materials they are going to gather at the different places that were designated in the map, from barbecue sticks and chewing gum to popsicle sticks and lumps of clay. Everything was going well, but after a short while, the rain fell down, slowly but surely. The participants didn’t stop, and so did the rain. But when the rain poured down heavily, most of them fled to the nearest building to take cover from the rain. This goes to show that Bosconians won’t be easily discouraged to abandon their duties just because of some minor distractions or disruptions. The rain still poured down heavily and the PA announced that all Bosconians should dry themselves and wash up, since most, if not all the participants, got wet during the game. The game was suspended, but they were asked to hold on to their materials for later use. It was nighttime when the participants finished perking up and eating dinner. They were requested to go to the Big Chapel for the continuation of the program, since the gym was flooded. The program resumed, and at that time, Mr. JC Delos Reyes was the speaker. He talked about the roles of a leader and what leaders should really do and symbolize. After the talk, the different Don Bosco schools presented their dance numbers and presentations. Everyone performed well. One of the performers even performed an impromptu script, because of the delayed performance of the whole group. Nevertheless, it was a â€Å"lo and behold† sight to see, since everyone gave it their best shot in the presentations. After the dance presentations, the students were asked to go outside the chapel for the fireworks display. After a while, numerous flashing and colorful displays of fireworks amazed the participants during that night. Finally, the students were asked to go to their designated rooms and sleep. It was morning when one of the songs of Don Bosco was played to wake the participants up, although some already did way before the PA played the song. Some took a bath, while others washed up to feel fresh. Breakfast was soon served, and the mass was then celebrated afterwards. The music ministry was led by the students of Don Bosco Technical College. After the mass, the principal, Fr. Jay, gave the closing remarks and then dismissed all the students. Of course, the merienda was served before they all left the school. Everyone left knowing that they learned something not only from their school but also from someone from a different setting. It is true that the best teacher that anyone could have is experience, but it really depends on the person. If the person is eager to learn, then he would strive to become successful by learning from his mistakes in the past, therefore making use of his experiences. If the person is unwilling, then his experiences would mean nothing since he did not apply what he had encountered in the past. That goes the same with the participants back then. They not only learned the true meaning of being a leader and what it takes to be one, they also learned the value of experiences through communication and camaraderie.

Hysteria :: essays papers

Hysteria In 1692, in Salem Massachusetts, the superstition of witches existed. In The Crucible, by Arthur Miller, a group of young girls act up and are then accused of being witches. These girls then blame other people in order to get out of trouble and even pretend to be "bewitched" in front of the court during a trial. This leads into the deaths of some innocent people who were accused found guilty. The leader of the group is Abigail, who is in love with John Proctor. Many situations in the poem can still be found in modern examples. It can be compared to an article about protecting children from social workers who want to have the children removed from their home just because their parents didn’t get them a vaccination. They both involve isolation from different believes, innocent are accused of a crime, and people refuse to go against their beliefs. The Puritan society was led by a church that promoted isolation from any other group of people with different beliefs. The church was against dancing, singing and chanting as related to devil-worship. It was a time of anxiety and skepticism. After the girls in the village were caught dancing in the woods and one of them falls sick, rumors circulated about witchcraft going on in the woods, and that the sick girl has been bewitched. Once the girls talk to each other, they become more and more frightened as being accused as witches, so Abigail, the main character and the principle accuser, starts accusing others of practicing witchcraft to save her friends. It results in the hanging of many innocent people. The parents of the children in the article distinct believe that it is safer if their children aren’t vaccinated for tetanus. So when the children do get tetanus the social workers try to take the children away. This is like punishment for the parents who are totally innocent. All they wanted to was keep their children healthy. Both the group of girls and the social workers, who have done wrong, get no punishment. The Judges and preachers try to get the people the girls accused of being witches to confess to being witches so they can have mercy on them. Most of them will not do this. They stick to telling the truth about really not being witches until the death. The parents of the children also stick to what they believe is best.

Old Age

| Old Age as a Time of New Opportunities| | | | | | The article â€Å"Old Age as a Time of New Opportunities (from the Foundation of Age)† by Betty Friedan opened my eyes to a perspective that I had never really thought about. It was about how old age is usually perceived as another step closer to death. In this article we are able to understand the perspective of an elder female. The female is 59 years old almost 60. She wants to go to Outward Bound which will give her the extreme outdoor experience.She goes with her friend Cecelia Herwich. They have to leave their city clothes and forget about who they were in the past and have to leave behind their professional role. When they arrive at the first campsite they are given their gear. They are given a backpack, poncho, sleeping bag, ground cloth, tin cup, spoon, water bottle, and iodine to purify it. They begin with a three mile jog up and down the road. She turned out to be the slowest because she had problems catching up wit h everyone else.That night they spoke about why they went. A woman named Ruth said she went because she wanted to do something exciting before she settled into a rocking chair. Another that was there was Earl. He said he was drawn in by the simple fact that it was dangerous because he would have to be there for ten days away from what he is used to and not knowing who else would be there along with him. After wards they mention that there are usually more men and that their expedition is the first to have more women involved.They stated that there are usually young men but not young women. Then they ask if women get more adventurous with age. I think that it is true that women get more adventurous the older they get. I think that this is true because they are afraid of retreating to nothing without feeling they did something that they have never tried before. They are afraid because they feel the vicious cycle of cleaning the house, taking care of the children, keeping up with husba nd and kids, etc.They are basically getting tired of the daily routine that they always have to put up with as regular house wives. Women feel they have been put down for too long so they want to do a change in their life. They want to feel that they did something different for once. I think that this would be an excellent topic to discuss in Sociology class. It is a good topic because it can be viewed in various ways. The different ways of viewing this article is interesting because everyone will most likely have a different way of perceiving it by the way their brain is functioning.

Marketing Management- Marketing Plan Essay

2 Introduction This report is prepared as part of the course submission for Marketing Management (460-741) a core subject towards international Master of Business Administration Program at Prince of Songkhla University. The intention of this report is to create a Marketing Plan to outlines a strategy for success, and breaks it down into comprehensible, actionable components that will enable Seoul-Roy Korean Restaurant to implement marketing activities to provide a solid return on investment. This plan is designed to report the external and internal factors that will influence the company’s success in Hatyai market. The topics covers in this plan include situation analysis, marketing strategy, tactical programs, implementation and budgets in carrying out the marketing activities which differentiate the business and product offering from our competitor and marketing strategy that drive the business to earn above average profit. 3 Company Summary 3.1 Company Overview Seoul-Roy is a Hatyai based restaurant serving Korean cuisine, the name Seoul-Roy is easy to remember and easy to pronounce. Seoul reflects the theme of the restaurant for serving Korean cuisine which is a famous destination in Korea, a megacity with a population of over 10 million and a leading global city in the world. Furthermore, â€Å"Roy† means â€Å"Delicious† in southern Thai dialects, to have a name meaning â€Å"Delicious Seoul†, conveyed the message that the restaurant having very high standard food. The restaurant name Seoul-Roy will surely leave an impressive memory in potential customer first impression that will attract the customer to visit the restaurant for the first time. Seoul-Roy will be operating seven days a week inclusive public holiday in operation 365 days throughout the year to ensure that customers have the opportunity to enjoy our delicious whenever they feel like it. Seoul-Roy is a medium size restaurant enhanced with cozy, comfy, friendly, and appetite tempting atmosphere for patrons through its  modern contemporary casual dining style to unearth the feeling of refreshing and energizing to dinners. The facility will be divided into indoor area for customer that is seeking cool comfy ambient and outdoor area for customer seeking a breath of fresh air. The cafà © will feature seating for approximately 100 patrons, desert bar, water fountain and liquor bar. 3.2 Location This restaurant is planned to be situated at the empty land on Thumnoonvithi Road, in Klong Rein area which is approximately 500 m from Tesco and Prince of Songkhla University. With hundred and thousand of local resident, university student and shoppers from other suburb visiting this area on everyday basis, it does instigate this area to be the perfect sites in town. Marketing Management Seoul-Roy marketing Plan Furthermore, Thumnoonvithi Road is one of the major connector between the roads on the external circuit to the Hatyai city which have high traffic concentration. In spite of this, there is ample parking space along the road that makes it handy for by passer to stop for dine in and appear to be a profit potential site. Moreover, the rent in this area is much cheaper comparing to the retail shops in major shopping complex such as Tesco, Big C, Lee Garden Plaza and Central. 3.3 2.1 Objective The objective to startup Seoul-Roy includes the following: A. B. C. D. E. Become premier food franchise serving fusion of Korean food and Thai Food. Provide highest quality fresh and delicious food. Ensure that every prospect in promoting â€Å"Seoul-Roy† brand are explore and implement. Maintain and expand every possibility to achieve outstanding reputations. Create an ideal working environment for employee in promoting good communication and great team work. F. Achieving profitable investment return between 4-6 years. G. Achieving total daily customers of 7,000 patrons/month by the end of second year of operation. The objectives of marketing activities include:   To  introduce Korean Cuisine to Hatyai community and Songkhla Province area. To attract 50% of the target market and forecast potential customer. To be perceived as the cleanest restaurant in the region. To be perceived as restaurant serve delicious, quality, and tasty Korean cuisine in the region. 3.4 2.2 Vision and Mission Seoul-Roy mission is to bring to the market finest, freshest, and tastiest Fusion Korean cuisine that is inspired by a combination of Korean and Thai cuisine in the Hatyai. In conjunction to Seoul-Roy high standards of quality and cleanliness will ascertain Seoul-Roy growth into a reputable premier Korean cuisine in Hatyai. The mission of Seoul-Roy includes the following: To bring to the market finest, freshest, and tastiest Korean cuisine. To ensure that all foods are serves to its highest level of freshness, nutrition, and gastronomic. To ensure that all order are serve with efficiency and effectiveness. To consistently provide exceptional dining experience by demonstrating warmth, welcome, efficiency, professionalism and integrity in performing our duty. To ensure finest customer service experience that exceed their expectation and excited to revisit the cafà © again. To continuingly developing innovative and creative products that conform to customer desires. To ensure cleanliness, comfy, warmth and friendly environment in the cafà ©. To provide appropriate training and knowledge to employee in ensuring that the qualities and services standard of the company are achieved. 3.5 Startup Cost The total startup cost of Seoul-Roy for the first year of implementation is as presented in Description Facilities Design Rent Renovation Furniture Equipment Marketing Expense Year 1 Staff Salary (10 person) Training Insurance Utilities Miscellaneous Total (Baht/Yr) Table 1 Seoul-Roy Startup Cost 4 Positioning Seoul-Roy provides differentiated products and services through its superior customer service experience and high quality culinary. Therefore, Seoul-Roy will position the company as restaurant offering service at 50% premium price. The value proposition that the target market will pay for this 50% premium price is the superior customer service experience and high quality Korean cuisine. The company will ensure that the restaurant is always has a clear proposition of the claimed benefit for the services and products. In this, the company will always monitor the quality of the food produce to Marketing Management Seoul-Roy marketing Plan ensure mouth watering experience is offered to the customer and consistly advertise on the value proposition of the restaurant through advertising media. 5 Situation Analysis Situation analysis involves evaluating the situation and trends in of Korean Cuisine in Hatyai City which defines and interprets the state of the environment of the organization. A situation analysis provides the context and knowledge for planning and achieve above average profit for the organization. The analysis describes Seoul-Roy competitive position, internal environment, external environment and critical issues. In portraying a clearer understanding of the situation of Korean Cuisine  industry in Hatyai, the report further outline SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats) analysis of the organization. The situation analysis includes in this marketing plan includes: External Environment Internal Environment SWOT Analysis 5.1 External Environment The external environment affects firm growth and profitability which also a condition that creates threats and opportunities for firms that have major effects on organization strategic actions. The organization understands of external environment coupling with knowledge on internal environment form its vision to develop its mission and to take actions that result in strategic competitiveness and above-average returns. As shown in Figure 1, an organization’s external environment is divided into three major areas which include the general, industry environment and competitor environment. The general environment is composed of dimension of broader society that influences an industry. These dimensions can be group into six environment segments which include demographic, economic, political/legal, socio-cultural, technological and global. The industry environment is a set of factors that directly influences a firm and its competitive actions and competitive responses which include treat of new entrants, power of supplier, power of buyers, and threat of product substitutes and intensity of rivalry among competitors. Understanding competitor’s environments complement prediction on the dynamics of competitor’s actions, responses, and intention.

The First Ten Presidents of the United States

The First Ten Presidents of the United States How much do you know about each of the first ten presidents of the United States? Here is an overview of the key facts that you should know about these individuals who helped form the new nation from its very beginning to the time when sectional differences were starting to cause problems for the nation.   The First Ten Presidents George Washington - Washington was the only president to be elected unanimously (by the electoral college; there was no popular vote). He set precedents and left a legacy that has established the tone for presidents to this day.John Adams - Adams nominated George Washington to become the first president and was subsequently chosen as the first Vice President. Adams served only one term but had a huge impact during Americas foundational years.Thomas Jefferson - Jefferson was a staunch anti-federalist who just happened to increase the size and power of the federal government when he completed the Louisiana Purchase with France. His election was more complicated than you might realize.  James Madison - Madison was president during what was called the second war of independence: the War of 1812. He is also called the Father of the Constitution, in honor of his instrumental role in creating the Constitution. At 5 feet, 4 inches, he was also the shortest president in history.  James Mo nroe - Monroe was president during the Era of Good Feelings, yet it was during his time in office that the fateful Missouri Compromise was reached. This would have a major impact on future relations between slave and free states. John Quincy Adams - Adams was the son of the second president. His election in 1824 was a point of contention due to the Corrupt Bargain that many believe resulted in his selection by the House of Representatives. Adams served in the Senate after losing re-election to the White House. His wife was the first foreign-born First Lady.  Andrew Jackson - Jackson was the first president to garner a national following and enjoyed unprecedented popularity with the voting public. He was one of the first presidents to truly use the powers given to the President. He vetoed more bills than all previous presidents combined and was known for his strong stance against the idea of nullification.Martin Van Buren - Van Buren  served only one term as president, a period marked by few major events. A depression began during his presidency that lasted from 1837-1845. Van Burens show of restraint in the Caroline Affair may have prevented war with Canada.William Henry Harrison - Harrison died after onl y one month in office. Three decades before his term as President, Harrison was Governor of the Indiana Territory when he led forces against Tecumseh in the Battle of Tippecanoe, earning himself the nickname Old Tippecanoe. The moniker eventually helped him win the presidential election.   John Tyler - Tyler became the first vice president to succeed to the presidency upon the death of the William Henry Harrison. His term included the annexation of Texas in 1845.

Architecture That Constitute To The Mood Philosophy Essay

Architecture That Constitute To The Mood Philosophy Essay The character of a space or place is not simply a visual perceptual quality, as is usually assumed. The judgement of the character of an environment is a complex combination of numerous factors which are immediately understood as an overall mood, feeling, ambiance, or atmosphere. Peter Zumthor, who is one of the architects who has acknowledged the significance of architectural mood, says â€Å"I enter a building, see a room, and in a fraction of a second have this feeling about it†. The experience is multi-sensory in its very essence; however it also involves judgements beyond the five Aristotelian senses. The immediate judgement of the character of a space calls for our entire, embodied and existential sense. It could be perceived in a subtle and peripheral manner, rather than through precise and conscious observation. The aim of this dissertation is to identify the factors in architecture that constitute to the mood of a place or space; and also if the factors are universal to all the arts such as music, film, paintings and sculpture. The question sought to be answered is: What are the constituents in a space or place that contribute to the creation of a mood? The majority of the work produced by the three architects selected revolves around this phenomenological field of study. By assessing their individual relevant literary and architectural works, and extracting the common and overlapping qualities, a more profound understanding of this mood is expected to be acquired. Acknowledgments Introduction John Dewey a visionary American philosopher, who already eight decades ago grasped the immediate, embodied, emotive and subconscious essence of experience, articulates the nature of this existential encounter: â€Å"The total overwhelming impression comes first, perhaps in a seizure by a sudden glory of the landscape or by the effect upon us of entrance into a cathedral when dim light, incense, stained glass and majestic proportions fuse in one indisting uishable whole. We say with truth that a painting strikes us. There is an impact that precedes all definite recognition of what it is about.† (Dewey, Art As Experience, page 151) In ancient environmental moods there exist interpersonal moods such as cultural, social, family, work place, etcà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. The mood of a social situation can be supportive or discouraging, liberating or repressing, inspiring or dull. We can even speak of specific moods in the scale of cultural, regional or national entities. We can indeed speak of the mood of the place, which gives it its unique perceptual character and identity. Dewey explains this unifying character as a specific quality as he writes: â€Å"An experience has a unity that gives it its name; that meal, that storm, that rupture of friendship. The existence of the unity is constituted by a single quality that pervades the entire experience in spite of the variations of its constituent parts. This unity is neither emotional, pract ical, nor intellectual, for these terms name distinctions that reflection can make within it.† (Dewey, Art and Its Significance: An Anthology of Aesthetic Theory, page 206) In another context the philosopher reemphasises the reintegrating power of this experiential quality when he writes â€Å"The quality of the whole permits, affects and controls every detail.† As we enter a space the space enters us, and the experience is essentially an exchange and fusion of the object and the subject. Robert Pogue Harrison, the American literary scholar states â€Å"In the fusion of place and soul, the soul is as much of a container of place as place is a container of soul, both are susceptible to the same forces of destruction.†

Software Requirements Specification Research Paper

Software Requirements Specification - Research Paper Example It further contains the detailed description of all the requirements specified. The proposed software will help the customers to reserve rooms from any remote location of their pleasing. The involved end user will mainly be the system administrator and the anticipated customers. Either John or Jane will be responsible for making and keying in client reservations, when they call in to make one. The product perspective for the B&B Online Booking Software System provides an interactive environment via its various interfaces. The system will additionally have a database to aid in better record keeping and management of user information. It would entail: Software interface – The software interfaces required mainly include the viewing applications, that is, web browsers like Firefox Mozilla, Google Chrome and Internet Explorer preferably of the latest version. An Apache HTTP Server, PHP, MySQL and flash player for the graphics acceleration of the web components, will also be mandated for the web application IT project. The functional requirements for the proposed system define the fundamental and basic components that contain all the necessary information for the successful software requirements specification. This information would enable the final booking system to function